Which specific engineering projects are suitable for different types of high-performance rubber bearings?
High-performance rubber bearings can be divided into various types according to their structural and performance characteristics. Each type is suitable for different specific engineering projects. The following is a detailed introduction for you:
Natural Rubber Bearing (NRB)
Characteristics: It is composed of multiple layers of natural rubber and thin steel plates through vulcanization and bonding. It has good elasticity and a certain vertical load-bearing capacity, and can adapt to the rotation of the structure and small horizontal displacements.
Applicable Projects: It is generally suitable for medium and small-sized building structures in areas with low seismic intensity, such as ordinary multi-story residential buildings, office buildings and other civil buildings. These buildings have relatively low requirements for the horizontal displacement and energy dissipation capacity of the bearings. The natural rubber bearing can provide basic seismic isolation and buffering effects, and at the same time meet the vertical load-bearing requirements of the structure. In addition, it can also be used in some industrial plants with low requirements for vibration control to help reduce the impact of slight vibrations generated during equipment operation on the building structure.
High Damping Rubber Bearing (HDR)
Characteristics: Special additives are added to the natural rubber to give it high damping performance. It can not only provide a certain elastic deformation ability but also effectively consume seismic energy and reduce the seismic response of the structure.
Applicable Projects: It is widely used in various buildings in areas with high seismic intensity, including high-rise buildings and important public buildings (such as hospitals, schools, libraries, etc.). Take hospitals as an example. During an earthquake, the high damping rubber bearing can effectively reduce the damage of seismic forces to the building structure, ensuring the normal operation of medical equipment in the hospital and the safety of patients’ lives. At the same time, it is also suitable for some precision instrument production workshops, scientific research laboratories and other places with high requirements for vibration control to reduce the interference of external vibrations on precision equipment.
Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB)
Characteristics: A lead core is inserted into the center of the natural rubber bearing. The lead core can enter a plastic state during an earthquake, absorbing and dissipating a large amount of seismic energy. At the same time, the rubber part provides an elastic restoring force, enabling the structure to return to its initial position after the earthquake.
Applicable Projects: It is particularly suitable for building and bridge projects in areas with frequent seismic activities and strong seismic effects. In terms of bridges, such as bridges crossing seismic fault zones, the lead rubber bearing can effectively reduce the damage of earthquakes to the bridge structure and ensure the traffic capacity of the bridge after the earthquake. In the field of construction, for some buildings with special functional requirements that cannot be severely damaged during an earthquake, such as communication hubs, radio and television centers, etc., the lead rubber bearing can provide reliable seismic isolation and energy dissipation protection.
Sliding Plate Rubber Bearing
Characteristics: A polytetrafluoroethylene sliding plate is installed on the top or bottom surface of the rubber bearing. Utilizing the low friction coefficient between the sliding plate and the stainless steel plate, the bearing can achieve large horizontal displacements to adapt to the expansion and contraction deformations of the structure under the action of factors such as temperature changes and concrete shrinkage and creep.
Applicable Projects: It is mainly suitable for long-span bridges, super-long building structures, and some special structures that need to adapt to large horizontal displacements. For example, in long-span continuous beam bridges, cable-stayed bridges, etc., due to the long length of the bridge, large expansion and contraction displacements will occur during temperature changes. The sliding plate rubber bearing can meet its displacement requirements and provide reliable vertical support at the same time. In super-long industrial plants or commercial buildings, sliding plate rubber bearings can also be used to solve the expansion and contraction problems of the structure and ensure the stability of the structure.
Elastic Sliding Bearing (ESB)
Characteristics: It combines the elasticity of rubber and the sliding performance of the sliding plate, with good vertical load-bearing capacity, horizontal displacement capacity, and rotation capacity. At the same time, during an earthquake, it can absorb and dissipate energy through the elastic deformation of the rubber and the sliding of the sliding plate.
Applicable Projects: It is suitable for various bridge projects, especially bridges with high requirements for bearing performance, such as curved bridges, wide bridges, and bridges in complex geological conditions. In curved bridges, the elastic sliding bearing can better adapt to the curved force characteristics of the bridge and provide multi-directional displacement and rotation capabilities. For wide bridges, it can effectively solve the problem of uneven bearing forces and ensure the overall stability of the bridge structure. In addition, the elastic sliding bearing can also play an important role in some urban bridges and transportation hub bridges with high requirements for seismic safety performance.
In actual engineering projects, it is necessary to comprehensively consider and select suitable types of high-performance rubber bearings according to specific engineering requirements, geological conditions, seismic fortification intensities, and other factors to ensure the safety, stability, and reliability of the structure.
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